https://doi.org/10.37229/fsa.fjh.2026.02.03

Mango are evergreen fruits with high nutritional and economic value. They are very popular worldwide due to their distinctive flavor, earning them the title "Queen of Fruits." With suitable environmental conditions and proper horticultural care, mango trees can live for over 100 years. Mango trees thrive in tropical and subtropical climates, naturally growing well in hot and humid environments, with increased productivity in dry climates. They prefer light, sunny, and humid locations, where they grow well and produce a large harvest. Proper horticultural practices (such as pruning, fertilization, regular irrigation, and pest control) are essential for mango growth. These practices improve tree structure and strength, increase fruit yield and quality, enhance ventilation and light penetration, reduce fungal diseases, and control flowering and ripening timing, thus ensuring a bountiful harvest and sustained tree health. Mango orchards need to be cultivated effectively and their environmental conditions improved. Therefore, investing in understanding the interrelationship between environmental conditions and horticultural practices is the only way to ensure the sustainability of mango orchards and protect them from the challenges of changing climates, so that the "Queen of Fruits" remains at the forefront of profitable and successful crops.